ICMP Component

Properties   Methods   Events   Config Settings   Errors  

The ICMP component is used to facilitate ICMP communications. It can act both as a client and a server and can communicate with any number of hosts simultaneously. It also can generate and receive broadcast packets.

Syntax

TipwICMP

Remarks

The interface of the component is similar to the interface of TCPClient, only it is much simpler. The component is activated/deactivated by using the Active property. This property enables or disables the sending or receiving of data. Data can be sent in the same way as TCPClient, using the Send method and Text parameter or the DataToSend property. The destination is specified using the RemoteHost property. The component automatically creates an ICMP header containing MessageType, MessageSubType, and a checksum for the message.

If the UseConnection configuration setting is set to True, then a local association is created with the remote host. Otherwise, the component can receive datagrams (packets) from any host and can send datagrams to any host. Packets can be broadcast on the local net by setting the destination to 255.255.255.255.

Inbound data is received through the DataIn event.

The operation of the component is almost completely asynchronous. All the calls, except the ones that deal with domain name resolution, operate through Windows messages (no blocking calls). The gain in performance is considerable when compared with using blocking calls.

Property List

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The following is the full list of the properties of the component with short descriptions. Click on the links for further details.

Method List

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The following is the full list of the methods of the component with short descriptions. Click on the links for further details.

Event List

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The following is the full list of the events fired by the component with short descriptions. Click on the links for further details.

Config Settings

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The following is a list of config settings for the component with short descriptions. Click on the links for further details.

AcceptData Property (ICMP Component)

This property enables or disables data reception (the DataIn event).

Syntax

__property bool AcceptData = { read=FAcceptData, write=FSetAcceptData };

Default Value

True

Remarks

This property enables or disables data reception (the DataIn event). Setting this property to False, temporarily disables data reception (and the DataIn event). Setting this property to True, reenables data reception.

Note: It is recommended to use the PauseData or ProcessData method instead of setting this property.

This property is not available at design time.

Data Type

Boolean

Active Property (ICMP Component)

This property indicates whether the component is active.

Syntax

__property bool Active = { read=FActive, write=FSetActive };

Default Value

False

Remarks

This property indicates whether the component is currently active and can send or receive data.

If the UseConnection configuration setting is set to True, then a local association (connection) to the remote host also is created.

Note: Use the Activate or Deactivate method to control whether the component is active.

This property is not available at design time.

Data Type

Boolean

DataToSend Property (ICMP Component)

This write-only property includes a string of data to be sent to the remote host.

Syntax

__property String DataToSend = { write=FSetDataToSend };
__property DynamicArray<Byte> DataToSendB = { write=FSetDataToSendB };

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property is write-only and contains a string of data to be sent to the remote host. Assigning a string to this property makes the component send the string to the remote host. The Send method provides similar functionality.

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/IP subsystem attempts to send the string assigned to this property as a complete message. If socket buffers are full, or if the message cannot be delivered for any other reason, an error is fired, and no portion of the message is sent. This is different from TCP in which case portions of the messages can be sent. ICMP sends either a complete message or nothing at all.

If you are sending data to the remote host faster than it can process it, or faster than the network's bandwidth allows, the outgoing queue might fill up. When this happens, DataToSend raises the exception with errorcode 10035 and message "[10035] Operation would block" (WSAEWOULDBLOCK). You can handle this exception, and then try to send the data again. .

This property is write-only and not available at design time.

Data Type

Byte Array

DontRoute Property (ICMP Component)

If this property is set to True, it forces the socket to send data directly to the interface (no routing).

Syntax

__property bool DontRoute = { read=FDontRoute, write=FSetDontRoute };

Default Value

False

Remarks

If this property is set to True, it forces the socket to send data directly to the interface (no routing). Normally, IP sockets send packets of data through routers and gateways until they reach the final destination. If this property is set to True, then data will be delivered on the local subnet only.

This property is not available at design time.

Data Type

Boolean

LocalHost Property (ICMP Component)

The name of the local host or user-assigned IP interface through which connections are initiated or accepted.

Syntax

__property String LocalHost = { read=FLocalHost, write=FSetLocalHost };

Default Value

""

Remarks

The LocalHost property contains the name of the local host as obtained by the gethostname() system call, or if the user has assigned an IP address, the value of that address.

In multi-homed hosts (machines with more than one IP interface) setting LocalHost to the value of an interface will make the component initiate connections (or accept in the case of server components) only through that interface.

If the component is connected, the LocalHost property shows the IP address of the interface through which the connection is made in internet dotted format (aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd). In most cases, this is the address of the local host, except for multi-homed hosts (machines with more than one IP interface).

NOTE: LocalHost is not persistent. You must always set it in code, and never in the property window.

Data Type

String

MessageSubType Property (ICMP Component)

This property is the subtype of the ICMP message (part of the ICMP header).

Syntax

__property int MessageSubType = { read=FMessageSubType, write=FSetMessageSubType };

Default Value

0

Remarks

This property contains the subtype of the ICMP message (part of the ICMP header). The ICMP message subtype (also referred to as "code") is a byte value representing the message subclass. Its meaning is associated with the MessageType.

Types and subtypes of ICMP messages are defined in the various internet RFCs and other documentation associated with Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/IP.

Data Type

Integer

MessageType Property (ICMP Component)

This property includes the type of the ICMP message (part of the ICMP header).

Syntax

__property int MessageType = { read=FMessageType, write=FSetMessageType };

Default Value

0

Remarks

This property contains the type of the ICMP message (part of the ICMP header). The ICMP message type is a byte value representing the message class. The message type defines the structure and meaning of the message data assigned to DataToSend.

Types for ICMP messages are defined in the various internet RFCs and other documentation associated with Transmission Control Protocol (TCP/IP). The following are a few examples of ICMP message types:

Data Type

Integer

RemoteHost Property (ICMP Component)

This property includes the address of the RemoteHost. Domain names are resolved to IP addresses.

Syntax

__property String RemoteHost = { read=FRemoteHost, write=FSetRemoteHost };

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property specifies the IP address (IP number in dotted internet format) or the domain name of the remote host.

If this property is set to 255.255.255.255, the component broadcasts data on the local subnet.

If this property is set to a domain name, a DNS request is initiated. Upon successful termination of the request, the property is set to the corresponding address. If the search is not successful, the component raises an exception.

If UseConnection is True, this property must be set before the component is activated (Active is set to True).

Data Type

String

Timeout Property (ICMP Component)

A timeout for the component.

Syntax

__property int Timeout = { read=FTimeout, write=FSetTimeout };

Default Value

0

Remarks

If the Timeout property is set to 0, all operations return immediately, potentially failing with an 'WOULDBLOCK' error if data can't be sent or received immediately.

If Timeout is set to a positive value, the component will automatically retry each operation that would otherwise result in a 'WOULDBLOCK' error for a maximum of Timeout seconds.

The component will use DoEvents to enter an efficient wait loop during any potential waiting period, making sure that all system events are processed immediately as they arrive. This ensures that the host application does not "freeze" and remains responsive.

If Timeout expires, and the operation is not yet complete, the component raises an exception.

Please note that by default, all timeouts are inactivity timeouts, i.e. the timeout period is extended by Timeout seconds when any amount of data is successfully sent or received.

The default value for the Timeout property is 0 (asynchronous operation).

Data Type

Integer

TimeToLive Property (ICMP Component)

This property includes the time-to-live (TTL) value for the ICMP packets sent by the component.

Syntax

__property int TimeToLive = { read=FTimeToLive, write=FSetTimeToLive };

Default Value

0

Remarks

This method contains the time-to-live (TTL) value for the ICMP packets sent by the component. The TTL field of the ICMP packet is a counter limiting the lifetime of a packet.

Each router (or other module) that handles a packet decrements the TTL field by one or more if it holds the packet for more than one second. Thus, the TTL value is effectively a hop count limit on how far a datagram can propagate through the internet. When the TTL value is reduced to zero (or less), the packet is discarded.

If the value of the property is set to zero, then the default TTL value of the underlying Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/IP subsystem will be used.

This property is not available at design time.

Data Type

Integer

Activate Method (ICMP Component)

This method enables sending and receiving of data.

Syntax

void __fastcall Activate();

Remarks

This method enables sending and receiving of data. When called, the component will create a communication endpoint (socket) that can be used for sending and receiving ICMP messages. This method must be called before using the component to send and receive data.

If the UseConnection configuration setting is set to true, then a local association (connection) to the remote host also is created.

Config Method (ICMP Component)

Sets or retrieves a configuration setting.

Syntax

String __fastcall Config(String ConfigurationString);

Remarks

Config is a generic method available in every component. It is used to set and retrieve configuration settings for the component.

These settings are similar in functionality to properties, but they are rarely used. In order to avoid "polluting" the property namespace of the component, access to these internal properties is provided through the Config method.

To set a configuration setting named PROPERTY, you must call Config("PROPERTY=VALUE"), where VALUE is the value of the setting expressed as a string. For boolean values, use the strings "True", "False", "0", "1", "Yes", or "No" (case does not matter).

To read (query) the value of a configuration setting, you must call Config("PROPERTY"). The value will be returned as a string.

Deactivate Method (ICMP Component)

This method disables sending and receiving of data.

Syntax

void __fastcall Deactivate();

Remarks

This method disables sending and receiving of data. When called, the component will destroy the existing socket and disable data communications.

DoEvents Method (ICMP Component)

Processes events from the internal message queue.

Syntax

void __fastcall DoEvents();

Remarks

When DoEvents is called, the component processes any available events. If no events are available, it waits for a preset period of time, and then returns.

PauseData Method (ICMP Component)

This method pauses data reception.

Syntax

void __fastcall PauseData();

Remarks

This method pauses data reception when called. While data reception is paused, the DataIn event will not fire. Call ProcessData to reenable data reception.

ProcessData Method (ICMP Component)

This method reenables data reception after a call to PauseData .

Syntax

void __fastcall ProcessData();

Remarks

This method reenables data reception after a previous call to PauseData. When PauseData is called, the DataIn event will not fire. To reenable data reception and allow DataIn to fire, call this method.

Note: This method is used only after previously calling PauseData. It does not need to be called to process incoming data by default.

Reset Method (ICMP Component)

Reset the component.

Syntax

void __fastcall Reset();

Remarks

This method will reset the component's properties to their default values.

ResolveRemoteHost Method (ICMP Component)

Resolves the hostname in RemoteHost to an IP address.

Syntax

void __fastcall ResolveRemoteHost();

Remarks

This method resolves the hostname specified by RemoteHost to an IP address. The resolved value is available in the RemoteHost property after this method returns.

In most cases calling this method is not necessary, the component will resolve the hostname automatically when necessary. If DelayHostResolution is true this method may be called to manually resolve RemoteHost if desired.

Send Method (ICMP Component)

This method sends data to the remote host.

Syntax

void __fastcall Send(DynamicArray<Byte> Text);

Remarks

This method sends data to the remote host. Calling this method is equivalent to setting the DataToSend property to Text.

SendBytes Method (ICMP Component)

This method sends data to the remote host.

Syntax

void __fastcall SendBytes(DynamicArray<Byte> Data);

Remarks

This method sends data to the remote host. Calling this method is equivalent to calling the SendBytes/SendText method.

SendText Method (ICMP Component)

This method sends data to the remote host.

Syntax

void __fastcall SendText(String Text);

Remarks

This method sends data to the remote host. Calling this method is equivalent to calling the SendBytes/SendText method.

DataIn Event (ICMP Component)

This event is fired when a new ICMP messages come in.

Syntax

typedef struct {
  int MessageType;
  int MessageSubType;
  String MessageData;
  DynamicArray<Byte> MessageDataB;
  int Checksum;
  String SourceAddress;
} TipwICMPDataInEventParams;
typedef void __fastcall (__closure *TipwICMPDataInEvent)(System::TObject* Sender, TipwICMPDataInEventParams *e);
__property TipwICMPDataInEvent OnDataIn = { read=FOnDataIn, write=FOnDataIn };

Remarks

The MessageType parameter shows the type of the ICMP messages and the MessageSubType parameter shows its subtype.

The MessageData parameter contains the message data.

The Checksum parameter is True or False depending on the ICMP checksum validation on the message.

Note: Events are not re-entrant. Performing time-consuming operations within this event will prevent it from firing again in a timely manner and may affect overall performance.

Error Event (ICMP Component)

Information about errors during data delivery.

Syntax

typedef struct {
  int ErrorCode;
  String Description;
} TipwICMPErrorEventParams;
typedef void __fastcall (__closure *TipwICMPErrorEvent)(System::TObject* Sender, TipwICMPErrorEventParams *e);
__property TipwICMPErrorEvent OnError = { read=FOnError, write=FOnError };

Remarks

The Error event is fired in case of exceptional conditions during message processing. Normally the component raises an exception.

ErrorCode contains an error code and Description contains a textual description of the error. For a list of valid error codes and their descriptions, please refer to the Error Codes section.

ReadyToSend Event (ICMP Component)

Fired when the component is ready to send data.

Syntax

typedef struct {
} TipwICMPReadyToSendEventParams;
typedef void __fastcall (__closure *TipwICMPReadyToSendEvent)(System::TObject* Sender, TipwICMPReadyToSendEventParams *e);
__property TipwICMPReadyToSendEvent OnReadyToSend = { read=FOnReadyToSend, write=FOnReadyToSend };

Remarks

The ReadyToSend event indicates that the underlying TCP/IP subsystem is ready to accept data after a failed DataToSend.

Config Settings (ICMP Component)

The component accepts one or more of the following configuration settings. Configuration settings are similar in functionality to properties, but they are rarely used. In order to avoid "polluting" the property namespace of the component, access to these internal properties is provided through the Config method.

ICMP Config Settings

Socket Config Settings

Base Config Settings

Trappable Errors (ICMP Component)

ICMP Errors

	104   The component is already Active.
	107   Cannot change the LocalHost at this time. A connection is in progress.
	109   The component must be Active for this operation.
	112   Cannot change MaxMessageSize while ICMP is Active.
	114   Cannot change RemoteHost when UseConnection is set and the component is Active.
	117   Cannot change UseConnection while the component is Active.
	118   The message cannot be longer than MaxMessageSize.
	119   The message is too short.
	120   Cannot create ICMP handle.

SSL Errors

	270   Cannot load specified security library.
	271   Cannot open certificate store.
	272   Cannot find specified certificate.
	273   Cannot acquire security credentials.
	274   Cannot find certificate chain.
	275   Cannot verify certificate chain.
	276   Error during handshake.
	280   Error verifying certificate.
	281   Could not find client certificate.
	282   Could not find server certificate.
	283   Error encrypting data.
	284   Error decrypting data.

TCP/IP Errors

	10004   [10004] Interrupted system call.
	10009   [10009] Bad file number.
	10013   [10013] Access denied.
	10014   [10014] Bad address.
	10022   [10022] Invalid argument.
	10024   [10024] Too many open files.
	10035   [10035] Operation would block.
	10036   [10036] Operation now in progress.
	10037   [10037] Operation already in progress.
	10038   [10038] Socket operation on non-socket.
	10039   [10039] Destination address required.
	10040   [10040] Message too long.
	10041   [10041] Protocol wrong type for socket.
	10042   [10042] Bad protocol option.
	10043   [10043] Protocol not supported.
	10044   [10044] Socket type not supported.
	10045   [10045] Operation not supported on socket.
	10046   [10046] Protocol family not supported.
	10047   [10047] Address family not supported by protocol family.
	10048   [10048] Address already in use.
	10049   [10049] Can't assign requested address.
	10050   [10050] Network is down.
	10051   [10051] Network is unreachable.
	10052   [10052] Net dropped connection or reset.
	10053   [10053] Software caused connection abort.
	10054   [10054] Connection reset by peer.
	10055   [10055] No buffer space available.
	10056   [10056] Socket is already connected.
	10057   [10057] Socket is not connected.
	10058   [10058] Can't send after socket shutdown.
	10059   [10059] Too many references, can't splice.
	10060   [10060] Connection timed out.
	10061   [10061] Connection refused.
	10062   [10062] Too many levels of symbolic links.
	10063   [10063] File name too long.
	10064   [10064] Host is down.
	10065   [10065] No route to host.
	10066   [10066] Directory not empty
	10067   [10067] Too many processes.
	10068   [10068] Too many users.
	10069   [10069] Disc Quota Exceeded.
	10070   [10070] Stale NFS file handle.
	10071   [10071] Too many levels of remote in path.
	10091   [10091] Network subsystem is unavailable.
	10092   [10092] WINSOCK DLL Version out of range.
	10093   [10093] Winsock not loaded yet.
	11001   [11001] Host not found.
	11002   [11002] Non-authoritative 'Host not found' (try again or check DNS setup).
	11003   [11003] Non-recoverable errors: FORMERR, REFUSED, NOTIMP.
	11004   [11004] Valid name, no data record (check DNS setup).